Ophthalmology

Ophthalmologic Surgeries

Stitchless Cataract Surgery

Stitchless Cataract Surgery is performed with state-of-the art “Legacy Phacoemulsification machine” A cataract is an opacity that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its envelope. Early on in the development of age-related cataract the power of the crystalline lens may be increased, causing near-sightedness (myopia), and the gradual yellowing and opacification of the lens may reduce the perception of blue colours. Cataracts typically progress slowly to cause vision loss and are potentially blinding if untreated.

The most effective and common treatment is to surgically remove the cloudy lens. Being the most common, the Extra-capsular (ECCE) surgery consists of removing the lens but leaving the majority of the lens capsule intact. High frequency sound waves (phacoemulsification) are used to break up the lens before extraction. Intra-capsular (ICCE) surgery involves removing the entire lens of the eye, including the lens capsule, but it is rarely performed in modern practice. In either extra-capsular surgery or intra-capsular surgery, the cataractous lens is removed and replaced with a plastic lens (an intraocular lens implant) which stays in the eye permanently.

Recent improvements in intraocular technology now allow cataract patients to choose a multifocal lens to create a visual environment in which they are less dependent on glasses. Cataract operations are usually performed using a local anaesthetic and the patient is allowed to go home the same day.

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Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of diseases of the optic nerve involving loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern of optic neuropathy. Although raised intraocular pressure is a significant risk factor for developing glaucoma, there is no set threshold for intraocular pressure that causes glaucoma. One person may develop nerve damage at a relatively low pressure, while another person may have high eye pressure for years and yet never develop damage. Untreated glaucoma leads to permanent damage of the optic nerve and resultant visual field loss, which can progress to blindness.

Although intraocular pressure is only one major risk factors of glaucoma, lowering it via pharmaceuticals or surgery is the mainstay of glaucoma treatment.

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Retinal Detachment

Retinal detachment is a disorder of the eye in which the retina peels away from its underlying layer of support tissue. Initial detachment may be localized, but without rapid treatment the entire retina may detach, leading to vision loss and blindness. It is a medical emergency. There are several methods of treating a detached retina which all depend on finding and closing the holes (tears) which have formed in the retina.

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Vitrectomy

Vitrectomy is a surgery to remove some or all of the vitreous humor from the eye. Anterior vitrectomy entails removing small portions of the vitreous from the front structures of the eye - often because these are tangled in an intraocular lens or other structures. Pars plana vitrectomy is a general term for a group of operations accomplished in the deeper part of the eye, all of which involve removing some or all of the vitreous - the eye's clear internal jelly.

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Other Ophthalmologic Surgeries

• Lacrimal Sac Surgery

• Squint Correction :

Squint is cross eyes. The two eyes are directed in different direction & doesn't remain straight. This deviation could be in any direction, up down, inwards or outwards. It is a common eye problem in children as well as in adults.

Certain squints are corrected by prescribing appropriate powered glasses or performing eye exercises. However majority require surgery on the eye muscles.

Surgery is performed under general anaesthesia in children & local anaesthesia after 1 single injection in adults. Surgery is done on both eyes simultaneously in same sitting or one at a time depending on type of squint. Operation is performed over the eye muscles located outside the eye. Patient can be discharged immediately if performed under local anaesthesia. Eye needs to be patched for one day. Patient can continue his daily tasks soon after surgery.

• Oculoplastic Surgery :

Oculoplastic surgery, is a subspecialty of ophthalmology that includes a wide variety of surgical procedures that deal with the orbit (eye socket), eyelids, tear ducts, and the face.[1] It also deals with the reconstruction of the eye and associated structures. Oculoplastic surgeons perform procedures such as the repair of droopy eyelids (blepharoplasty), repair of tear duct obstructions, orbital fracture repairs, removal of tumours in and around the eyes, and facial rejuvenation procedures including laser skin resurfacing, eye lifts, brow lifts, and even facelifts

• Corneal Transplant Surgery :

The cornea is the tissue on the very front of the eye. It is clear and covers the iris and pupil. It works with the lens to provide focusing power to the eye. If the cornea becomes opaque, swollen, or scarred, vision is compromised. Medication to control the damage to the cornea is usually the first line of treatment, but once it is clear that medication will not halt or alter the damage, a corneal transplant is considered. This surgical procedure involves the removal of the damaged tissue and replacement with a healthy, donated human cornea.

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